Every language has libraries that support common tasks. For some languages, libraries are a huge part of the language. In this section, we will introduce you to a few of the more common libraries in the C language.

Learning Outcomes

1. Use string.h library functions to manipulate C-strings including strcpy(), strcmp(), strlen(), and strcat() with proper understanding of null-terminated character arrays
2. Use ctype.h library functions to test character properties (alphabetic, digit, whitespace, etc.) and convert characters between cases using toupper() and tolower()
3. Apply math.h library functions to perform common mathematical operations including rounding, absolute value, roots, powers, logarithms, and trigonometric functions
4. Convert strings to numeric types using stdlib.h conversion functions (atoi(), atol(), atof()) and understand the appropriate use cases for each
5. Implement pseudo-random number generation using rand() and srand() with proper seeding strategy and understand the relationship between seeds and reproducibility